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深入實施種業振興行動 著力構建與大食物觀相適應的種業創新體系

農(nong)業農(nong)村部種(zhong)業管(guan)理司司長 劉莉華

黨中央、國(guo)務(wu)(wu)院高度重(zhong)(zhong)視(shi)確保國(guo)家糧食(shi)(shi)(shi)安全(quan)，習(xi)近平(ping)總書記多(duo)(duo)次作出(chu)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)指示(shi)批示(shi)。樹立大農業觀(guan)(guan)、大食(shi)(shi)(shi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)觀(guan)(guan)，構(gou)(gou)(gou)建(jian)多(duo)(duo)元(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)食(shi)(shi)(shi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)供(gong)(gong)給體系，是保障糧食(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)農產品穩定安全(quan)供(gong)(gong)給的重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)舉措(cuo)，必須(xu)從(cong)培育更多(duo)(duo)自主優良(liang)品種(zhong)(zhong)入手，從(cong)源頭(tou)上為多(duo)(duo)元(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)食(shi)(shi)(shi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)供(gong)(gong)給提(ti)供(gong)(gong)堅實(shi)支撐。《國(guo)務(wu)(wu)院辦公(gong)廳(ting)關于踐(jian)行大食(shi)(shi)(shi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)觀(guan)(guan)構(gou)(gou)(gou)建(jian)多(duo)(duo)元(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)食(shi)(shi)(shi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)供(gong)(gong)給體系的意(yi)見(jian)》(以下簡稱《意(yi)見(jian)》)明(ming)確提(ti)出(chu)，加快(kuai)育種(zhong)(zhong)創新，深入實(shi)施(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)業振興行動，構(gou)(gou)(gou)建(jian)與(yu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)開發相適應的種(zhong)(zhong)業創新體系。貫徹(che)落實(shi)習(xi)近平(ping)總書記重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)指示(shi)批示(shi)精神和(he)(he)《意(yi)見(jian)》部署，要(yao)(yao)立足更高質量滿足人民群眾多(duo)(duo)元(yuan)(yuan)食(shi)(shi)(shi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)消費和(he)(he)營養健康需求(qiu)，深刻領會大食(shi)(shi)(shi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)觀(guan)(guan)的科學內涵(han)、基本原則和(he)(he)核心(xin)要(yao)(yao)義(yi)，切實(shi)增強踐(jian)行大食(shi)(shi)(shi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)觀(guan)(guan)的思(si)想自覺行動自覺，錨定實(shi)現種(zhong)(zhong)業科技自立自強、種(zhong)(zhong)源自主可控(kong)的戰略(lve)目標，明(ming)確工作思(si)路，突出(chu)重(zhong)(zhong)點任務(wu)(wu)，全(quan)力抓好措(cuo)施(shi)落實(shi)，務(wu)(wu)求(qiu)取得實(shi)效。

在工作(zuo)思路上，從(cong)更(geng)(geng)好滿足人民(min)美好生(sheng)(sheng)活需要出發(fa)(fa)，堅持(chi)目標(biao)導向(xiang)(xiang)、問題導向(xiang)(xiang)，對(dui)標(biao)對(dui)表種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)振興行(xing)動目標(biao)任(ren)務，扎實推進種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)高質量(liang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，為農(nong)林牧漁產(chan)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)提供(gong)更(geng)(geng)豐(feng)富(fu)多樣(yang)的優(you)質種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)源(yuan)。要堅持(chi)底線思維、保(bao)供(gong)優(you)先。統籌發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)和(he)安(an)全，立足國(guo)(guo)內抓好主要糧(liang)(liang)油作(zuo)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子和(he)大宗種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)畜禽(qin)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)，強化(hua)(hua)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)安(an)全風險監測預警和(he)有(you)效防控(kong)，把(ba)當家品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)牢(lao)牢(lao)攥在自己手(shou)里，用中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子保(bao)障(zhang)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)糧(liang)(liang)食安(an)全。堅持(chi)系(xi)統觀念(nian)、統籌發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。立足我國(guo)(guo)資源(yuan)稟賦(fu)，掌握人民(min)群眾(zhong)食物(wu)(wu)結(jie)(jie)構變(bian)化(hua)(hua)趨(qu)勢(shi)，加快發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)壯大經濟(ji)作(zuo)物(wu)(wu)和(he)地方特(te)色畜禽(qin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)，保(bao)障(zhang)糧(liang)(liang)棉(mian)油糖、果(guo)菜茶菌、豬牛羊禽(qin)、魚(yu)蝦蟹貝等各類(lei)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)源(yuan)有(you)效供(gong)給，滿足多元化(hua)(hua)食物(wu)(wu)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)需要。堅持(chi)創(chuang)新驅動、提質增效。著(zhu)力突破品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、技(ji)術、育制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裝備等瓶(ping)頸(jing)制(zhi)約，增強科技(ji)創(chuang)新對(dui)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)的支撐(cheng)能力，用現代農(nong)業(ye)科技(ji)和(he)物(wu)(wu)質裝備拓展(zhan)(zhan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)空間，選(xuan)育更(geng)(geng)多優(you)良品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，不斷豐(feng)富(fu)老百姓(xing)餐桌。堅持(chi)市(shi)場(chang)導向(xiang)(xiang)、調優(you)結(jie)(jie)構。瞄準市(shi)場(chang)消費變(bian)化(hua)(hua)，優(you)化(hua)(hua)調整品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)育方向(xiang)(xiang)和(he)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)供(gong)應(ying)結(jie)(jie)構，實現各類(lei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子供(gong)求平(ping)衡，更(geng)(geng)好地滿足農(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)用種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)需要。

在(zai)重點任務上，緊(jin)盯農(nong)業生產和市場消費對優良品種(zhong)的緊(jin)迫(po)需求，圍繞種(zhong)質資源保護利用、育種(zhong)創(chuang)新攻(gong)關、供種(zhong)能(neng)力提升、種(zhong)業市場凈(jing)化等(deng)環節，加快構建(jian)與多元化食物開發相適應(ying)的種(zhong)業創(chuang)新體系。

一是強化(hua)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)利用(yong)，拓(tuo)展食物(wu)來源(yuan)(yuan)渠道。加(jia)快(kuai)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)畜(chu)禽種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)庫(ku)、農業(ye)微(wei)生物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)庫(ku)建設(she)，建設(she)好中國(guo)(guo)的“種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子銀(yin)行”，守衛人類(lei)糧食安(an)全底線和(he)(he)生物(wu)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)發根基(ji)。在(zai)加(jia)快(kuai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)精(jing)準(zhun)鑒(jian)定(ding)上下(xia)功夫，聚(ju)合科研、企(qi)業(ye)等多方(fang)力量(liang)，篩選挖(wa)掘優(you)異種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質和(he)(he)基(ji)因資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)，挖(wa)掘植(zhi)物(wu)、動(dong)物(wu)、微(wei)生物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質的供能供蛋白潛(qian)力，拓(tuo)展食物(wu)來源(yuan)(yuan)新(xin)的途徑(jing)。加(jia)強食用(yong)菌種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)挖(wa)掘和(he)(he)保護利用(yong)，實施玉(yu)米種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質改良計劃，創制一批“可用(yong)、好用(yong)、想用(yong)”的優(you)異新(xin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質。加(jia)強地(di)方(fang)特色種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)的開(kai)發利用(yong)，堅(jian)持保用(yong)結合、以用(yong)促保，推動(dong)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)優(you)勢轉(zhuan)化(hua)為產業(ye)優(you)勢。

二是強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)創(chuang)新(xin)攻關(guan)(guan)，豐富餐桌(zhuo)食物(wu)品類。聚(ju)焦高產穩產、綠(lv)色優質(zhi)、適宜機收等(deng)戰略目(mu)標和(he)大(da)(da)面積單(dan)產提升需求，統(tong)籌實施(shi)好種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)源關(guan)(guan)鍵核(he)(he)心技術(shu)攻關(guan)(guan)、農業(ye)生物(wu)育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)重(zhong)大(da)(da)專項(xiang)等(deng)項(xiang)目(mu)，發揮育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)聯合攻關(guan)(guan)機制作用，突破一批核(he)(he)心種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)源和(he)關(guan)(guan)鍵技術(shu)。推(tui)進種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)創(chuang)新(xin)基(ji)地建設，加快(kuai)(kuai)實施(shi)國家南繁硅谷建設規劃(hua)。建立培(pei)育(yu)壯大(da)(da)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)科技領軍(jun)企業(ye)機制，加強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)企業(ye)主導的產學研(yan)用深度(du)融合，加快(kuai)(kuai)生物(wu)育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、大(da)(da)數據、人工智能等(deng)關(guan)(guan)鍵技術(shu)集成應(ying)用。強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化食用菌功能育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)定向育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，支持地方開展(zhan)特色作物(wu)和(he)畜禽育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)聯合攻關(guan)(guan)，培(pei)育(yu)和(he)推(tui)廣口感好、品質(zhi)佳、營養豐、多抗廣適新(xin)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

三是強化(hua)(hua)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)建(jian)設(she)，保障(zhang)食(shi)(shi)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)源(yuan)供給。調整(zheng)優化(hua)(hua)國家(jia)級(ji)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)布局，新增一批國家(jia)級(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)縣、區域(yu)性(xing)良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)繁(fan)育基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)、畜(chu)禽核心育種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)場和水產(chan)(chan)原良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)場，提升(sheng)供種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)保障(zhang)能力。推動出臺國家(jia)黑龍江大(da)(da)豆種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)建(jian)設(she)規(gui)劃。統籌制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)縣獎(jiang)勵、現(xian)代(dai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)(ye)提升(sheng)工程等(deng)項(xiang)目資金(jin)，完善制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)縣和龍頭企業(ye)(ye)共建(jian)機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，加快(kuai)提升(sheng)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)(hua)水平。加強食(shi)(shi)用菌菌種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)繁(fan)育體(ti)系建(jian)設(she)，改造(zao)提升(sheng)菌種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生產(chan)(chan)設(she)施(shi)。完善種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)源(yuan)應急保供預案，優化(hua)(hua)國家(jia)和省(sheng)級(ji)救災(zai)備荒種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)儲備結構。鼓勵地(di)(di)(di)方布局建(jian)設(she)特色優勢制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)，滿足(zu)多元(yuan)化(hua)(hua)食(shi)(shi)物(wu)(wu)生產(chan)(chan)的(de)用種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)需求。

四是強(qiang)(qiang)化種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)市場凈化，營(ying)造(zao)創(chuang)(chuang)新發展環境。加強(qiang)(qiang)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)源頭治(zhi)理，持續(xu)推進“仿(fang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子”清理、品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)審(shen)定綠色通道和(he)聯合體試(shi)驗整治(zhi)，完善品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)審(shen)定登記辦法(fa)(fa)，合理提高品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)準入門檻，加快推行品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)身份證(zheng)制度。修(xiu)訂食用(yong)菌(jun)(jun)菌(jun)(jun)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)管(guan)理辦法(fa)(fa)，加強(qiang)(qiang)食用(yong)菌(jun)(jun)菌(jun)(jun)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)知識產(chan)權保護。聯合公檢法(fa)(fa)等繼續(xu)開(kai)展種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)打假(jia)護權專項整治(zhi)，對重大(da)(da)案件實(shi)行聯合掛(gua)牌督辦，嚴厲打擊假(jia)冒侵(qin)權等違(wei)法(fa)(fa)犯罪行為。深入開(kai)展種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)監管(guan)執法(fa)(fa)年(nian)活動，緊盯春夏播、秋冬(dong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)關(guan)鍵(jian)節(jie)點，組織(zhi)開(kai)展制種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)縣、企業(ye)、市場和(he)網(wang)絡售種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)檢查，發布典型案例，形成有(you)力(li)震懾(she)，營(ying)造(zao)激勵(li)創(chuang)(chuang)新、保護創(chuang)(chuang)新的良好氛圍(wei)。

來源：中國農村網