2025年7月30日 星期三 農歷六月初六
瀏(liu)覽次數：10086 日期：2024-10-24 來源：本站(zhan)
中共中央辦公廳 國務院辦公廳
關于加強耕地保護提升耕地質量完善占補平衡的意見
(2024年2月5日)
糧食安全是(shi)“國之(zhi)大者(zhe)”，耕(geng)地(di)(di)是(shi)糧食生(sheng)產的(de)命根子(zi)。黨的(de)十八大以(yi)來，以(yi)習(xi)近平同志為核心的(de)黨中央采(cai)取一系列硬措施(shi)，堅守耕(geng)地(di)(di)保護(hu)紅線。同時，我國人(ren)多地(di)(di)少的(de)國情(qing)沒有(you)變，耕(geng)地(di)(di)“非(fei)農(nong)化”、“非(fei)糧化”問題(ti)仍(reng)較突出，耕(geng)地(di)(di)保護(hu)形勢依(yi)然嚴峻、任務更(geng)加艱巨。為加強(qiang)耕(geng)地(di)(di)保護(hu)、提升耕(geng)地(di)(di)質量、完(wan)善(shan)占補平衡，經黨中央、國務院同意，現提出如下(xia)意見。
一、總體(ti)要求
加(jia)強耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)、提升耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)質量、完善占補(bu)平(ping)(ping)衡，要(yao)堅持以習近(jin)平(ping)(ping)新時代(dai)中(zhong)國(guo)特色社會主義思(si)想(xiang)為(wei)指(zhi)導，深入貫徹黨(dang)的(de)二十大精神，落(luo)實藏糧(liang)于(yu)地(di)(di)(di)、藏糧(liang)于(yu)技戰(zhan)略(lve)，將耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)作(zuo)為(wei)系統工程，堅持耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)數(shu)量、質量、生(sheng)態“三(san)位一(yi)體”保(bao)(bao)護(hu)，尊重規律、因勢(shi)利導、因地(di)(di)(di)制宜、久久為(wei)功(gong)，充(chong)分調(diao)動各(ge)類主體保(bao)(bao)護(hu)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)積極性，提高耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)產能力，穩步拓展農(nong)業生(sheng)產空間，把牢糧(liang)食安(an)(an)全(quan)主動權，為(wei)以中(zhong)國(guo)式現代(dai)化全(quan)面推進強國(guo)建設、民族復興偉業夯實糧(liang)食安(an)(an)全(quan)根基。
工作中要做到：
——堅(jian)持(chi)量質并重。在保(bao)持(chi)耕地數量總體穩定前提(ti)下(xia)，全力提(ti)升耕地質量，堅(jian)持(chi)高標準(zhun)農田(tian)建設與農田(tian)水(shui)利建設相結合，真正把(ba)永久(jiu)基本農田(tian)建成高標準(zhun)農田(tian)。嚴格(ge)落實(shi)耕地占補(bu)(bu)平(ping)(ping)衡(heng)，切實(shi)做到數量平(ping)(ping)衡(heng)、質量平(ping)(ping)衡(heng)、產能(neng)平(ping)(ping)衡(heng)，堅(jian)決防止占多補(bu)(bu)少(shao)、占優補(bu)(bu)劣、占整補(bu)(bu)散。
——堅持(chi)嚴(yan)格(ge)執法。實(shi)行最嚴(yan)格(ge)的耕(geng)地(di)(di)保護制(zhi)度，采取“長牙齒”的硬(ying)措(cuo)施(shi)保護耕(geng)地(di)(di)，分級落實(shi)各(ge)級黨(dang)委和政(zheng)府耕(geng)地(di)(di)保護主體責任，整合(he)監管執法力量(liang)，形成工作合(he)力，堅決遏制(zhi)耕(geng)地(di)(di)“非農化”，防止永久基本農田“非糧(liang)化”。
——堅持系統(tong)推進。把耕地保護放(fang)在建(jian)設人(ren)與自然和諧共(gong)生的中(zhong)國式現(xian)代化中(zhong)考量，落實好主(zhu)體功能區戰略(lve)，堅持山(shan)水(shui)林田湖草沙一(yi)體化保護和系統(tong)治理。
——堅(jian)持永續利(li)用。處理好(hao)近期與長遠的關系，推(tui)進(jin)耕(geng)地用養結合和(he)可(ke)持續利(li)用，保持和(he)提升耕(geng)地地力，既滿足(zu)當(dang)代(dai)人(ren)的需要，更為子孫(sun)后代(dai)留下更多發展空間。
主(zhu)要目標(biao)是：落(luo)實新一輪國土空(kong)間(jian)規劃明(ming)確的耕地(di)(di)(di)和永久(jiu)基(ji)本(ben)農(nong)(nong)(nong)田保(bao)護任(ren)務，全(quan)國耕地(di)(di)(di)保(bao)有量不(bu)低于18.65億(yi)(yi)畝(mu)(mu)，永久(jiu)基(ji)本(ben)農(nong)(nong)(nong)田保(bao)護面(mian)積不(bu)低于15.46億(yi)(yi)畝(mu)(mu)，逐步(bu)把永久(jiu)基(ji)本(ben)農(nong)(nong)(nong)田建(jian)成適(shi)宜耕作、旱澇保(bao)收、高(gao)產穩產的現(xian)代化(hua)良田;耕地(di)(di)(di)保(bao)護責任(ren)全(quan)面(mian)壓實，耕地(di)(di)(di)質量管理(li)機制健(jian)全(quan)，耕地(di)(di)(di)占補平衡制度嚴密規范，各類主(zhu)體(ti)保(bao)護耕地(di)(di)(di)、種糧抓(zhua)糧積極(ji)性普遍提高(gao)，各類耕地(di)(di)(di)資源得到有效利用，支(zhi)撐糧食生產和重要農(nong)(nong)(nong)產品(pin)供給(gei)能力進一步(bu)增(zeng)強，為保(bao)障國家糧食安全(quan)、建(jian)設(she)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業強國奠定堅(jian)實基(ji)礎。
二、全面壓實(shi)耕地保護責任
(一)堅決穩住(zhu)耕(geng)(geng)地(di)總量。逐(zhu)級分(fen)解耕(geng)(geng)地(di)和永久基本農田保(bao)(bao)護(hu)任(ren)(ren)務，納入各級國(guo)土空間規劃，落實到地(di)塊并上圖入庫。各級黨委和政府要(yao)將耕(geng)(geng)地(di)和永久基本農田保(bao)(bao)護(hu)作為必須(xu)完成的重大政治任(ren)(ren)務，確保(bao)(bao)耕(geng)(geng)地(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅線決不(bu)突破。
(二)持續優化耕(geng)地(di)(di)布(bu)局。南方省份有序恢復部(bu)分流失耕(geng)地(di)(di)，遏制“北糧南運”加劇勢頭(tou)。各地(di)(di)要(yao)(yao)結(jie)合第(di)三次全國(guo)土(tu)壤普查(cha)，開展(zhan)土(tu)壤農(nong)(nong)業利(li)用適宜性(xing)評價，通(tong)過實施(shi)全域土(tu)地(di)(di)綜合整(zheng)治、高(gao)標準(zhun)農(nong)(nong)田(tian)建(jian)設、優質耕(geng)地(di)(di)恢復補充等措施(shi)，統籌(chou)耕(geng)地(di)(di)和林地(di)(di)、草地(di)(di)等其他農(nong)(nong)用地(di)(di)保(bao)護(hu)。自然資源部(bu)要(yao)(yao)會同(tong)農(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)村部(bu)等部(bu)門(men)制定(ding)永久基本農(nong)(nong)田(tian)保(bao)護(hu)紅線(xian)管理辦法，推動零星耕(geng)地(di)(di)和永久基本農(nong)(nong)田(tian)整(zheng)合調整(zheng)，促進集(ji)中連片。
(三)嚴格開(kai)展耕(geng)地(di)(di)保護(hu)責任(ren)考核(he)(he)。全(quan)面落(luo)實(shi)(shi)耕(geng)地(di)(di)保護(hu)黨(dang)(dang)政同責，國家每(mei)年對省級(ji)黨(dang)(dang)委(wei)和(he)政府落(luo)實(shi)(shi)耕(geng)地(di)(di)保護(hu)和(he)糧食(shi)安(an)全(quan)責任(ren)制(zhi)情況進(jin)行(xing)考核(he)(he)，對突破(po)耕(geng)地(di)(di)保護(hu)紅線等重大問(wen)題實(shi)(shi)行(xing)“一票否決”，嚴肅(su)問(wen)責、終身追責。省級(ji)黨(dang)(dang)委(wei)和(he)政府對本省域內(nei)耕(geng)地(di)(di)保護(hu)負總責，對省域內(nei)各級(ji)黨(dang)(dang)委(wei)和(he)政府落(luo)實(shi)(shi)耕(geng)地(di)(di)保護(hu)和(he)糧食(shi)安(an)全(quan)責任(ren)制(zhi)情況進(jin)行(xing)嚴格考核(he)(he)。
三(san)、全力提(ti)升耕地質量
(四)加強(qiang)高(gao)(gao)標(biao)準農(nong)(nong)田建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)。出(chu)臺(tai)全(quan)國(guo)逐步把永久基本(ben)農(nong)(nong)田建(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)高(gao)(gao)標(biao)準農(nong)(nong)田的(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)施方案(an)，明確(que)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)內(nei)容、投入標(biao)準和優(you)先(xian)序，健全(quan)與高(gao)(gao)標(biao)準農(nong)(nong)田建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)相適應的(de)(de)保(bao)障(zhang)機制(zhi)，加大高(gao)(gao)標(biao)準農(nong)(nong)田建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)投入和管(guan)護(hu)力度。開展整區(qu)(qu)域建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)示(shi)范，優(you)先(xian)把東北黑土地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)、平原(yuan)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)、具備水(shui)利灌溉條件地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)耕地(di)(di)建(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)高(gao)(gao)標(biao)準農(nong)(nong)田。強(qiang)化中央統(tong)籌、省負總責、市縣抓落實(shi)(shi)、群眾參與機制(zhi)，加強(qiang)考核(he)評價，對因不履行或者不正確(que)履行職(zhi)責而未完(wan)成(cheng)年度建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)任(ren)務的(de)(de)地(di)(di)方依規依紀(ji)嚴(yan)肅問(wen)責。建(jian)(jian)(jian)立健全(quan)農(nong)(nong)田建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)工(gong)程質量監(jian)(jian)督檢驗體(ti)系，完(wan)善(shan)工(gong)程質量監(jian)(jian)督執法(fa)手段，確(que)保(bao)高(gao)(gao)標(biao)準農(nong)(nong)田建(jian)(jian)(jian)一(yi)畝成(cheng)一(yi)畝。各(ge)地(di)(di)要健全(quan)管(guan)護(hu)機制(zhi)，明確(que)管(guan)護(hu)主體(ti)，落實(shi)(shi)管(guan)護(hu)責任(ren)，合理保(bao)障(zhang)管(guan)護(hu)經費，完(wan)善(shan)管(guan)護(hu)措施。高(gao)(gao)標(biao)準農(nong)(nong)田統(tong)一(yi)納(na)入全(quan)國(guo)農(nong)(nong)田建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)平臺(tai)，嚴(yan)禁擅自(zi)占用，確(que)保(bao)各(ge)地(di)(di)已(yi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)高(gao)(gao)標(biao)準農(nong)(nong)田不減少。
(五(wu))加強耕地灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)排保障體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)建設。科學編制全國農田灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)溉發展規劃，統籌水(shui)(shui)土資源(yuan)(yuan)條件，推進(jin)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)溉面積增加。結合(he)推進(jin)國家骨干網水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)程和輸配水(shui)(shui)工(gong)程，新建一批節水(shui)(shui)型、生態型灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)區。加快大(da)中型灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)區現代化改造，配套完善灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)排工(gong)程體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)，提高運行管護水(shui)(shui)平。嚴格執行占用農業(ye)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)溉水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)、灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)排工(gong)程設施補償制度。
(六)實(shi)施黑(hei)(hei)土地保(bao)護(hu)(hu)工(gong)程。統(tong)籌推(tui)進侵(qin)蝕(shi)溝治理、農田(tian)基礎設(she)施建設(she)、肥沃耕(geng)層構(gou)建等(deng)綜合(he)治理，加強(qiang)黑(hei)(hei)土地保(bao)護(hu)(hu)標準化(hua)示范(fan)建設(she)。完善黑(hei)(hei)土地質量監測(ce)預警(jing)網(wang)絡，加強(qiang)工(gong)程實(shi)施評估和成效監測(ce)。適時調整優(you)化(hua)黑(hei)(hei)土地保(bao)護(hu)(hu)范(fan)圍，實(shi)現應保(bao)盡保(bao)。依法(fa)(fa)落實(shi)地方黑(hei)(hei)土地保(bao)護(hu)(hu)主(zhu)體責(ze)任(ren)。健全部(bu)門協同機制，統(tong)籌政策措(cuo)施、資金項目等(deng)，形成保(bao)護(hu)(hu)合(he)力。依法(fa)(fa)嚴厲打擊整治破(po)壞(huai)黑(hei)(hei)土地等(deng)違法(fa)(fa)犯罪行為。
(七)加(jia)強(qiang)退化(hua)耕(geng)(geng)地治(zhi)理(li)。實施酸化(hua)等退化(hua)耕(geng)(geng)地治(zhi)理(li)工程。對酸化(hua)、潛育化(hua)等退化(hua)耕(geng)(geng)地，通過完(wan)善田間(jian)設施、改良耕(geng)(geng)作制(zhi)度、培肥(fei)耕(geng)(geng)作層、施用土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)調理(li)物(wu)料(liao)等方(fang)式進行治(zhi)理(li)。加(jia)快土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)酸化(hua)重點縣全域(yu)治(zhi)理(li)。對沙化(hua)、風蝕、水蝕耕(geng)(geng)地開展綜合治(zhi)理(li)，防治(zhi)水土(tu)(tu)流(liu)失。
(八)抓好鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)地(di)綜(zong)合(he)改造利用。全面(mian)摸清鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)地(di)資源狀況(kuang)，建立鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)質量監測體系(xi)。實(shi)施鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)治(zhi)(zhi)理工程，分區分類開展鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)治(zhi)(zhi)理改良(liang)，加強耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)化防治(zhi)(zhi)。梯(ti)次推(tui)進鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)地(di)等耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)后(hou)備(bei)資源開發。堅持“以(yi)種適地(di)”同“以(yi)地(di)適種”相結合(he)，培育推(tui)廣耐鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)品種和鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)地(di)治(zhi)(zhi)理實(shi)用技術。
(九)實施(shi)有(you)機(ji)(ji)質(zhi)提升(sheng)行動(dong)。制定實施(shi)耕(geng)地(di)有(you)機(ji)(ji)質(zhi)提升(sheng)行動(dong)方案，改良培肥土壤，提升(sheng)耕(geng)地(di)地(di)力，確(que)保耕(geng)地(di)有(you)機(ji)(ji)質(zhi)只(zhi)增不減(jian)。加快推廣有(you)機(ji)(ji)肥替代化肥，推進畜禽糞肥就地(di)就近還田利用(yong)等用(yong)地(di)養地(di)措施(shi)。建立(li)耕(geng)地(di)有(you)機(ji)(ji)質(zhi)提升(sheng)標準(zhun)化體(ti)系，加強示范引領。
(十)完(wan)善耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)量(liang)建(jian)設保護(hu)制度(du)。加快耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)量(liang)保護(hu)立(li)法。完(wan)善耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)量(liang)調(diao)查評價(jia)(jia)制度(du)，建(jian)立(li)統一(yi)的耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)量(liang)評價(jia)(jia)方(fang)法、標準、指標。每年開(kai)展耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)量(liang)變(bian)更調(diao)查評價(jia)(jia)，每5年開(kai)展耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)量(liang)綜合評價(jia)(jia)，適時開(kai)展全國(guo)土壤普查。建(jian)立(li)健全國(guo)家、省、市(shi)、縣(xian)四級耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)量(liang)監測網(wang)絡體系。完(wan)善耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)量(liang)保護(hu)與(yu)建(jian)設投入機制，中央和地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)財(cai)政要(yao)為提升耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)量(liang)提供資金(jin)保障。
四(si)、改革完善(shan)耕地占補平(ping)衡制度
(十一(yi))改革占補(bu)平衡(heng)管理方式。將非(fei)農建(jian)設、造林(lin)種(zhong)樹、種(zhong)果種(zhong)茶等各類(lei)占用(yong)耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)行為(wei)統一(yi)納入耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)占補(bu)平衡(heng)管理。補(bu)充(chong)耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)堅(jian)(jian)持以恢復(fu)優質耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)、新開墾(ken)耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)為(wei)輔的原則，自然保護(hu)地(di)(di)、生態(tai)保護(hu)紅線內(nei)禁止新開墾(ken)耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)，嚴重(zhong)沙化土地(di)(di)、嚴重(zhong)石(shi)漠化土地(di)(di)、重(zhong)點(dian)沙源區、沙塵傳輸通道、25度以上陡坡、河湖管理范圍(wei)及重(zhong)點(dian)林(lin)區、國有林(lin)場等區域原則上不作(zuo)為(wei)補(bu)充(chong)耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)來源。改進占補(bu)平衡(heng)落實方式，各類(lei)實施主(zhu)(zhu)體將非(fei)耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)墾(ken)造、恢復(fu)為(wei)耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)的，符合規定(ding)的可作(zuo)為(wei)補(bu)充(chong)耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)。堅(jian)(jian)持“以補(bu)定(ding)占”，在實現耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)總量動態(tai)平衡(heng)前提下，將省域內(nei)穩定(ding)利用(yong)耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)凈增加(jia)量作(zuo)為(wei)下年度非(fei)農建(jian)設允許占用(yong)耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)規模上限，對(dui)違法(fa)建(jian)設相(xiang)應凍結補(bu)充(chong)耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)指標。自然資(zi)源部要會同有關(guan)部門制定(ding)完善耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)占補(bu)平衡(heng)管理配套(tao)政策。
(十二)完善占(zhan)補(bu)(bu)(bu)平衡落(luo)(luo)實(shi)(shi)機(ji)制。建立占(zhan)補(bu)(bu)(bu)平衡責任落(luo)(luo)實(shi)(shi)機(ji)制，國(guo)家管控(kong)各(ge)省(sheng)(自(zi)治區、直(zhi)(zhi)轄(xia)市(shi))耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)總量(liang)，確(que)保不突破全國(guo)耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)保護(hu)目標(biao);各(ge)省(sheng)(自(zi)治區、直(zhi)(zhi)轄(xia)市(shi))加強(qiang)對(dui)省(sheng)域(yu)內耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)占(zhan)用(yong)補(bu)(bu)(bu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)工作的統籌(chou)，確(que)保年度耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)總量(liang)動態平衡;市(shi)縣抓好落(luo)(luo)實(shi)(shi)，從嚴管控(kong)耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)占(zhan)用(yong)，補(bu)(bu)(bu)足補(bu)(bu)(bu)優耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)。各(ge)省(sheng)(自(zi)治區、直(zhi)(zhi)轄(xia)市(shi))要將(jiang)補(bu)(bu)(bu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)指標(biao)統一納入省(sheng)級管理平臺(tai)，規范調(diao)劑程(cheng)序，合(he)理確(que)定調(diao)劑補(bu)(bu)(bu)償標(biao)準(zhun)，嚴格管控(kong)調(diao)劑規模，指標(biao)調(diao)劑資(zi)金(jin)納入預(yu)算(suan)管理。堅決防范和糾正(zheng)單(dan)純(chun)追求補(bu)(bu)(bu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)指標(biao)、不顧自(zi)然條件強(qiang)行補(bu)(bu)(bu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)的行為。生態脆(cui)弱、承擔(dan)生態保護(hu)重點任務地(di)(di)區的國(guo)家重大建設項目，由(you)國(guo)家統籌(chou)跨省(sheng)域(yu)集中開(kai)墾，定向支持落(luo)(luo)實(shi)(shi)耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)占(zhan)補(bu)(bu)(bu)平衡。
(十三)加強對補(bu)充(chong)耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)補(bu)償(chang)激(ji)勵(li)。各(ge)(ge)類(lei)非農(nong)建(jian)設(she)(she)、造(zao)林種(zhong)樹、種(zhong)果(guo)種(zhong)茶等占用(yong)(yong)耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)的，必須落實補(bu)充(chong)耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)責任，沒有條(tiao)件自(zi)行補(bu)充(chong)的，非農(nong)建(jian)設(she)(she)要按規定(ding)繳(jiao)納耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)開(kai)墾(ken)(ken)費。各(ge)(ge)省(自(zi)治區(qu)、直轄市(shi))要結(jie)合實際，分(fen)類(lei)分(fen)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)制定(ding)耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)開(kai)墾(ken)(ken)費等費用(yong)(yong)標準(zhun)并及時調整(zheng)，統籌安(an)排(pai)資(zi)金用(yong)(yong)于耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)保護與質量建(jian)設(she)(she)。各(ge)(ge)地(di)(di)(di)可對未占用(yong)(yong)耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)但已實施墾(ken)(ken)造(zao)或(huo)恢復(fu)耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)的主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)給予(yu)適當補(bu)償(chang)。
(十四)健全補(bu)充耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)質(zhi)量驗收(shou)(shou)制度。農(nong)業農(nong)村(cun)部要會同自然(ran)資(zi)源部出臺補(bu)充耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)質(zhi)量驗收(shou)(shou)辦法(fa)，完善(shan)驗收(shou)(shou)標準(zhun)，強化剛性約束。墾造(zao)和(he)恢(hui)復的耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)要符合高標準(zhun)農(nong)田建設要求，達到(dao)適宜耕(geng)(geng)作、旱(han)澇(lao)保收(shou)(shou)、高產穩(wen)產標準(zhun)且(qie)集(ji)中連片、可長(chang)期穩(wen)定利用(yong)，質(zhi)量不達標的不得用(yong)于占用(yong)耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)的補(bu)充。完善(shan)補(bu)充耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)后(hou)續(xu)管護、再評(ping)價(jia)機制，把補(bu)充耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)后(hou)續(xu)培(pei)肥(fei)(fei)管護資(zi)金納入占用(yong)耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)成本。補(bu)充耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)主體要落實后(hou)續(xu)培(pei)肥(fei)(fei)管護責任，持續(xu)熟(shu)化土(tu)壤、培(pei)肥(fei)(fei)地(di)(di)力。
五、調動農民和地方保護耕地、種糧抓糧積極性(xing)
(十五)提高(gao)種(zhong)糧(liang)農(nong)民(min)收(shou)益(yi)。健全種(zhong)糧(liang)農(nong)民(min)收(shou)益(yi)保障機(ji)制，完善價格、補(bu)貼、保險政策。推(tui)動現代化集(ji)約化農(nong)業發展，實施(shi)多種(zhong)形式的適度規模經營，提高(gao)生產效(xiao)率，增加糧(liang)食種(zhong)植比較收(shou)益(yi)，調(diao)動農(nong)民(min)保護耕地和種(zhong)糧(liang)積極性。
(十六)健全耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)和糧(liang)(liang)食生(sheng)產利益(yi)補(bu)償機制。加(jia)大對糧(liang)(liang)食主(zhu)產區支持力度(du)，充分(fen)調動地(di)方抓耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)和糧(liang)(liang)食生(sheng)產的(de)積極性，形成糧(liang)(liang)食主(zhu)產區、主(zhu)銷(xiao)區、產銷(xiao)平(ping)衡(heng)區耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)合力。實(shi)施耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)經(jing)濟(ji)獎(jiang)(jiang)懲(cheng)機制，對耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)任(ren)務缺口省份收取經(jing)濟(ji)補(bu)償，對多承擔耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)目標(biao)任(ren)務的(de)省份給(gei)予經(jing)濟(ji)獎(jiang)(jiang)勵。
(十(shi)七)加強(qiang)撂(liao)荒(huang)地治(zhi)理利用(yong)。以全(quan)國國土變更(geng)調查數據為(wei)基礎，結合(he)實(shi)地核查，摸清撂(liao)荒(huang)地底數，分類推(tui)進治(zhi)理利用(yong)。綜(zong)合(he)采用(yong)土地托管、代種代耕、農田水利設施建設等措施，盡快(kuai)恢復(fu)生產。
六、積極開發(fa)各類非傳統(tong)耕地資源
(十八)充分利用(yong)非耕(geng)地資源(yuan)發(fa)展(zhan)高效(xiao)設(she)施農(nong)業。加強(qiang)科(ke)技研發(fa)和生產(chan)(chan)投資，推進農(nong)業生產(chan)(chan)技術改造(zao)和設(she)施建設(she)，在(zai)具(ju)備水資源(yuan)條件的地區探索科(ke)學利用(yong)戈壁、荒漠(mo)等發(fa)展(zhan)可持(chi)續的現代設(she)施農(nong)業，強(qiang)化大中城市現代化都市設(she)施農(nong)業建設(she)。
七(qi)、強化保障措施(shi)
(十九)加強黨(dang)(dang)的領導(dao)。堅持正確政治方向，把黨(dang)(dang)的領導(dao)落實到耕(geng)地保護工作(zuo)全過程(cheng)各方面。各級黨(dang)(dang)委和政府(fu)要(yao)(yao)承(cheng)擔起耕(geng)地保護主(zhu)體責任，自然(ran)資源、農(nong)業農(nong)村、發展改革、財政、生態(tai)環境、水利、林草等(deng)部門要(yao)(yao)按職責分工加強協同配合。各地區(qu)各有關部門可按照本意見精神，結合實際制定(ding)配套文件并抓(zhua)好貫徹(che)落實。
(二十)嚴(yan)格(ge)督(du)察執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)。建(jian)立健全耕(geng)地(di)(di)保護(hu)“長牙齒”硬措施工(gong)作(zuo)機(ji)制，以“零容忍”態度嚴(yan)肅(su)查處各類違法(fa)(fa)(fa)占用耕(geng)地(di)(di)行(xing)為。強化國(guo)家自然資源督(du)察，督(du)察地(di)(di)方(fang)落實(shi)耕(geng)地(di)(di)保護(hu)主體責任，不斷提升督(du)察效能。完(wan)善行(xing)政(zheng)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)、督(du)察機(ji)構與紀(ji)檢監察機(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)和(he)審計、組織人事(shi)等部門貫(guan)通協(xie)調機(ji)制，加強干部監督(du)，嚴(yan)肅(su)追(zhui)責問責;加強行(xing)政(zheng)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)、督(du)察機(ji)構與公(gong)(gong)安(an)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)、審判(pan)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)、檢察機(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)等的協(xie)作(zuo)配合，強化行(xing)政(zheng)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)與行(xing)政(zheng)審判(pan)、刑事(shi)司法(fa)(fa)(fa)工(gong)作(zuo)的銜(xian)接(jie)，統一行(xing)政(zheng)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)與司法(fa)(fa)(fa)裁判(pan)的法(fa)(fa)(fa)律適用標準(zhun)，充(chong)分發揮(hui)公(gong)(gong)益訴訟、司法(fa)(fa)(fa)建(jian)議等作(zuo)用。耕(geng)地(di)(di)整改恢復要實(shi)事(shi)求是，尊重規律，保護(hu)農民(min)合法(fa)(fa)(fa)權益，適當留出過渡期，循序漸進推動。
(二十一)加強宣傳引導。做(zuo)好耕地保(bao)護(hu)(hu)法律政策宣傳解(jie)讀。暢通社會監督渠道，及時(shi)回應社會關切，引導全社會樹立嚴(yan)格保(bao)護(hu)(hu)耕地意識，營造自覺主動保(bao)護(hu)(hu)耕地的良好氛圍。
來源|新華社(she)